Manufacture of seamless tubes.



S. E. DIESCHER.

MANUFACTURE OF SEAMLESS TUBES. APPLIUATION FILED NOV.2'9,1912,

06,, Patented July 22, 1913.

4 HEETS-SHEET 2.

H GE. A

MMKZKL gwvm ily s. E. DIESOHERQ MANUFACTURE OF SEAMLESS TUBES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29, 1912.

Patented Ju 1913.

QSHEE *S EBT3.

S. E. DIESOHER. MANUFACTURE'OF SEAMLESS TUBES.

APPLICATION FILED'NOV.29, 1912. lflfi'mfimfi Patented July 22, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

sATns PATENT OFFICE.

ailment. n. nrnscnnn, or rrrrsnunsn, rnmtsrnvnmn, nests-non. TO METALS wonxme COMPANY, or PITTSBURGH, rnmrsnvame, a conronn'rron on NEW JERSEY.

MANUFACTURE OF SEAMLESS Specification of letters Patent.

Patented July 22, 1913.

Application filed November 29, 1912. lierial N0.?34,151.

residing at Pittsburgh, int-he county of Al-' legheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Seamless Tubes, ot which improvements the following is a specification.

The invention described herein relates to mechanism for reducing hollow billets to seamless tubes, by subjecting the walls of the billet to compression between concave exterior surfaces and convex interior surfaces, such pressure being applied progressively along and around the billet.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

lln the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specificatlon, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved mill; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, the plane of section being indicated by the line H ll Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional plan View, the lane of section being coincident with the axis of the billet shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 iso plan view of one of the units of the improved mill; Fig. 5 is a section through the hub of one of the disks and its bearing on a plane at right angles to the axis of the disk, and Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the hub and bearing, the plane of section being parallel with the axis of the disk.

' My improved mill consists of two members A and B similar in construction but oppositely arranged with reference to each other when in operation. These members consist of annular housings \l and 1 which form bearings for the annular disks 2 and 2, which in the construction shown are formed with hubs 3 and 3 and with flanges l and 4 projecting laterally from the same sides of the disks. The hubsproject into the central openings in the housings and the flanges into annular recesses 5 and 5 formed in the inner faces of the housings as clearly shown in Fi 3. ile the hubs may be heldin position in the housing by any suitable means the construction ,shown is well adapted to that purpose and consists in so forming the brasses or liners 6 and 6 as to engage both the hubs and the walls of the central openings in the housings. As shown in Fig. 3 the hubs 3,

3 are grooved forthe reception of booklike project-ions 7, 7? on the brasses which as shown in Fig. 5 are made in sections. 011 the inner walls of the openings in the housings are formed a series of ribs 8 spaced a'distance apart a little greater than the lengths of the brasses, which are first put in position on the hubs, and the latter inserted ,in the openings in the housings, the brasses passin between the spaced ribs 8. The hubs an sections of brasses are turned so that lugs 9 in the 'b'rasses will pass behind the ribs 8, thus "locking hubs in position. In order to hold the ribs 8 and lugs 9 in alineme'nt keys .10 are slid in between adjacent- .ribs and brasses as shown in Figs. band 6. It is preferred that thesekeys should be formed on or se-.

the

cured to annular plates 11, 11, which are bolted to the housings, as shown in Fig. 3.

The housings are provided with bosses. l2, l2 and caps 13, 13 which are suitably constructed to form bearings for'the shafts 14-, 14- having keyed thereon pinions 15d 15 adapted to intermesh with teeth forme in the flanges 4, 4 of the disks.

.As clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the members, which as stated are similar in construction are mounted on a base 16 with the axes of the hubs out of alinement horizontally, such relative eccentricity being dependent upon the diameters of the tubes to be formed and the internalv diameters of reducing faces hereinafter described. In order to bring the reducing faces in proper alinement transverse of the line of 'feed and also in proper relation" as required by changes of the external diameter of the tubes to be formed the housings areso supported in the base 16 as to permit of their adjustment relative to each other. To these ends it is preferred that the housin s should be formed with bosses l7, l7 through which. are passed shafts 18, 18 said shafts having-their ends so mounted in hearings or seats 19, 19- in the base as to be capable of longitudinal and rotary inovementp l As shown in Fig. 2, the bosses 17, .17 are secured to the shafts so that by.shift-' ing the shafts longitudinally the relative positions of the members A and'B ay be changed thereby adapting the mill for the production of diilerent sizes of tubes- In addition to this movement whereby the relative eccentricity of the members can varied the latter can be moved toward and from each other to bring the respective concave reducing faces so as to properly oppose each other when operating on a tube, and for other purposes which will be hereinafter stated. The longitudinal movements of the shafts and corresponding movements of the members A and B can be eflt'ected by any suitable meansbut preferably by means of screws 20, shown in Fig. 3. As clearly shown in Fig. 3, the pierced billet mounted on a suitable mandrel is fed throughthe reducing members at an angle to the axes of the latter as indicated by the line :r-w, Fig. 3 and to permit of this movement of the mandrel, billet and completed tube, the outer portions of the openings through the housing. and hubs 3, 3 are flared outwardly from the throats or reducing surfaces.

While the portions which operate directly 7 on the billets may be formed integral with 1 thehubs 3, 3 it is' preferred that the reduc- [ing surfaces should be formed on rings 21, 21 arranged in seats formed in the inner walls of the'hubs. The rings 21, 21 are formed with reducing faces a having such an inclination that thepass formed by said faces flares sufliciently to permit of the entrance of the billet whichafter being caught by'the rings will befed along by them, the rate of feed beingdependent of the vertical inclination of the rings to the. axis of the billet. p 25;; f1"

While any suitable means may be employed forv shifting the members A and. B toward. and from each other, whereby the reducing faces of the rings are brought into proper relation on opposite sides of the path ofthe billet and also given the properfeed inclination relative-to the axis of the billet, it is preferred to employ washers 22 of different thiclmesses interposed between the upperportions of the housings, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The two housings are drawn tightly against opposite'sides of the washer 1 by means of a bolt 23 passing through abutments 24., 24 on top of thehousings. As it may be desirable to shift the housings to I the dimensions of the reducing pass wit out changing the feed angle of the rings 21, 21' the openings through the abutments 24, 24 for the passage of the bolt 23 are made sufiiciently larger than the bolt to permit of any'desired variation of the pass, such variation being efiected by means of the screws 20, 20. I f I In order to lockthe upper portions of the housings to ther when set by the screws 20 20 for the ormation of a given size of tube, the abut-ments 24;, 24 on the housings are provided with extensions 25, 25, so formed that the extension of one abutment will overlap the abutment on the other housing, as clearly shownin Figs. 1 and 4. Set

screws 26, 26 are assed in such manner through these extensions that the screwpassing through the extension of one housing will bear against the abutment of the other housing, thereby locking the upper portions of the housing in the desired relation to each other.'

Itis well known to those skilled in the art, that in reducing a hollow tube on a mandrel by surfaces moving at an angle to the axis of the mandrel the metal will flow longitudinally along and transversely around the mandrel, and the rate of flow in either direction will be nearly inversely proportional to the relative extent of the area of contact of the billet on the mandrel in such directions. Hence, as, it is the object in reducing'hollow billets to reduce its external diameterand increase its length, the longitudinal extent of the area of contact should be nil. This theoretically desirable condition is impossible, and in the present methods, 2'. e., where convex or flat Surfaces are employed to reduce hollow billets on mandrels, the conditions are nearly the reverse, the longitudinal extent of the area of contact of the billet on the mandrel, beingvery large and the transverse extent being very small. It is characteristic of the mill described herein employing concave reducing surfaces, that the relations of the longitudinal and the transverse extents of the areas of contact of the reducing surfaces on the billet are made to conform nearly that theoretically desirable. It will be observed by reference to Fig. 3 that there are two reducing members or surfaces simultaneously operative on the billet, and-that such members are arranged in such relation .to each other as to bear on the billet on dia- 5 metrically opposite points and hence there is no tendency to flex or bend the mandrel.

While it is preferred to employ a floating mandrel, it will be understood that the improvement described and claimed is in no no way limited as regards the character or movement of the mandrel.

It is characteristic of the improvement described herein that reduction is efiected by the action of a plurality of annular mem- 5 bers having concave reducing surfaces arranged symmetrically around the billet so that-the portions of the surfaces in contact with the billet will be in a common plane at right angles to the axis of the billet and 1 so that space in each member does not'occupy the s ace of the opening of another member. t is also characteristic of the improvement that the centers of rotation of the annular parts or members are in difi'erent planes at right angles to the axis of the billet.

I claim herein as my invention:

1. In a machine for reducing billets, the combination of two parts or members havnoeigeoe r int; concave reclucing' surfaces and movable eronncl relatively eccentric axes, the eccen tricitt of the axes ol movement being such that the paths ozt movement of the reducing 5 surfaces will overlap a distance proportional to the diameter of the billet to be reilticecl said members being so arranged as to be simultaneously operative on diametrically opposite portions sit the billet and having corresponding points within the WOlJ'lK- portions oit saicl members on their respective ares lying in cliliterent planes perpendicular to the axes of the billet.

In a machine :tcr reducing billets, the combination olt two parts or members hav ing concave reducing surfaces, ancl movable around anesrelatively eccentric anti an angle to the line inorenient ot the b" the eccentricity of the es being such t the s oi? movement of the TBLlUCl. will over '3- a at nee proper ional ie diameter on billet to be re members bei so arranged inltaneonsly operative on than posits portions o the billet .fi

Within. the blOl'lS saicl members on their respect lying; rlitlerent p anes perpendicular axis billetw a machine for retlncing; bi combination of two parts or inenbers h rg concave reducing" sni aces 1111C rotatable rely eccentric axes in planes ich its not intersect Within the periphss of the parts or members, the eccen-- icity of tl' allies being" such that the paths n ovenieireducing sari will eria'e a etistance proportional the a T q diameter 0 the billet to be recliwec aio so hei so arra. eil as be uleonsly ope ative on eiiametrically oppo- "tions the bille to the axis of t, the eccentricity o'lE the 31985 or a no nnli relativeto each other being such that the paths of movement oi the reclncine a es Will overlap a distance props to the diameter off the billet to i 5. In a machine for reducing hollow bile lets the combination of a mandrel, two annuli having interior, reducing surfaces movable arounol axes eccentric to each other, and to the axis of. the mandrel ancl lying in planes an angle to the axis of the mandrel, the eccentricity oi the axes of the annuli relative to each other being such that the paths 'ot movement oi the reducing surfaces Will overlap a (listance proportional to the diameter ot the billet to he reduced, said members being so arranged as to be simultaneously operative or iametrically opposite portions ot the l l corresponding a ia. portions of members es li i E perpendicular eir re 1 L r i planes rel means each othera galarity' of otherz "1. in. :taacl retail u reducing surfaces housings, :tor titljtlSt ing the housings in direction their pivotal 8. in machine tor retlncine the combination of ility oi are nnlar rolling parts or members having interior reducing surfaces bearing on the billet in the same plane transverse oi the billet, the rolling members being so located relative to each othen that the open space of one Will not occur 3 or coincide with the open space anot" er.

I testimony Whereol, it my hand.

hollow bilhereunto set l l tl nlii ivitnesses .elraca Terran,

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